{"id":1567,"date":"2019-11-28T08:46:17","date_gmt":"2019-11-28T12:46:17","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.astronotas.org\/messier\/?p=1567"},"modified":"2019-11-28T08:47:04","modified_gmt":"2019-11-28T12:47:04","slug":"m81","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.astronotas.org\/messier\/m81\/","title":{"rendered":"Messier 81"},"content":{"rendered":"\n
\"M81\"<\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Objeto: M81<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Constelaci\u00f3n: Ursa Major
Fecha: 1993.04.08 | Hora: 1:00 UT
Lugar de observaci\u00f3n: Aguas Buenas, PR.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tipo de objeto: Galaxia espiral Sb
Nombre: Galaxia de Bode, (NGC 3031)
Magnitud: 6.8 | Tama\u00f1o: 25.7′ x 14.1′
R.A. 9h55.6m | Dec. +69\u00b004′
\u00c9poca: 2000.0<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Instrumento: Meade MTS-SN 6
Ocular: 8.8 mm UWA | Aumento: 87x
Campo aparente: 84\u00b0 | Campo actual: 57′
Otros:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Carta en Uranometr\u00eda 2000.0: 23<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"M81\"<\/a>
Hunter WIlson [origen<\/a>]<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Descripci\u00f3n<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Espa\u00f1ol:<\/strong> La galaxia espiral M81 es visible en el mismo campo de visi\u00f3n que M82, una galaxia irregular a menos de 1\u00b0 hacia el norte de esta. Ambas son visibles en binoculares. A\u00fan cuando el lugar desde donde he hecho esta observaci\u00f3n tiene una significativa contaminaci\u00f3n de luz hacia la regi\u00f3n norte del cielo, son f\u00e1ciles de distinguir con claridad. M81, de hecho, exhibe la cl\u00e1sica forma ovalada de una galaxia (la percepci\u00f3n que de ellas tiene la mayor\u00eda de las personas). Adem\u00e1s, se distingue un centro brillante de considerable extensi\u00f3n, alrededor del cual se observa un halo nebuloso definido, que ser\u00eda el \u00e1rea correspondiente a los brazos espirales (que no son visibles).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Las notas anteriores datan del 16 de marzo de 1991, mientras que el dibujo que se incluye corresponde a una observaci\u00f3n posterior, hecha el 8 de abril de 1993. El motivo de esta segunda observaci\u00f3n fue tratar de ver e identificar la supernova que, en esa \u00e9poca, descubri\u00f3 un astr\u00f3nomo aficionado espa\u00f1ol \u2014Francisco Garc\u00eda Diez, de Lugo, Espa\u00f1a\u2014 en dicha galaxia. Se supone que la supernova fuera visible como una estrella de und\u00e9cima magnitud. Si se contempla el dibujo, se ver\u00e1 que hay un peque\u00f1o tri\u00e1ngulo de estrellas de mediana magnitud, una de las cuales est\u00e1 superpuesta a la galaxia, debajo del centro. La supernova estar\u00eda cerca de la estrella que queda en el v\u00e9rtice derecho.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

English:<\/strong> M81, a spiral galaxy, is visible in the same field of view of M82, an irregular galaxy less than 1\u00b0 north of it. Both are visible in binoculars. Even though the place from where I made this observation has significant light pollution to the northern sky, they are easy to distinguish. M81, in fact, exhibits the classic oval shape of a galaxy (the perception most people have of them anyway). Additionally, it is easy to distinguish its bright center (which in itself is of considerable size) surrounded by hazy halo, an area corresponding to the spiral arms (which are not visible).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The previous notes date from March 16, 1991, while the sketch corresponds to a subsequent observation, made on April 8, 1993. The reason for this second record was to try to identify the supernova that, at that time, discovered a Spanish amateur astronomer \u2014Francisco Garc\u00eda Diez, from Lugo, Spain\u2014 in that galaxy. The supernova should have been visible as an 11th magnitude star. In the sketch, there is a small triangle of stars of moderate magnitude, one of which is superimposed on the galaxy (below the center). The supernova should have been close to the star on the right vertex of that triangle.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"M81\"
Adam Block\/Mount Lemmon SkyCenter\/University of Arizona [origen<\/a>]<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Comentarios de Messier en 1784:<\/strong> Nebulosa cerca de la oreja de la gran Osa, sobre el paralelo de la estrella d, de la cuarta a la quinta magnitud: su posici\u00f3n determinada por esta estrella. Esta nebulosa es un poco ovalada, el centro claro, y se ve muy bien con un anteojo ordinario de tres pies y medio. Fue descubierta en Berl\u00edn, por M. Bode, el 31 de diciembre de 1774, y por M. M\u00e9chain, en el mes de agosto de 1779.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Mapa para localizar a M81<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"Mapa<\/a>
Haga click para agrandar.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\"Supernova<\/a>
Supernova 1993J en M81.
NASA<\/a>,\u00a0ESA<\/a>, A. Zezas (CfA), and A. Filippenko (UC Berkeley) [origen<\/a>]<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\"Supernova
Justyn R. Maund (IoA\/Univ. Cambridge<\/a>)\u00a0et al.<\/a>,\u00a0ESA<\/a>
Inset Left:\u00a0Isaac Newton Telescope<\/a>, Bottom:\u00a0Hubble WFPC2<\/a>, Right:\u00a0Hubble ACS<\/a> <\/figcaption><\/figure>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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